Electron degeneracy and intrinsic magnetic properties of epitaxial Nb:SrTiO3_3 thin-films controlled by defects

We report thermoelectric power experiments in e-doped thin films of SrTiO$_3$ (STO) which demonstrate that the electronic band degeneracy can be lifted through defect management during growth. We show that even small amounts of cationic vacancies, combined with epitaxial stress, produce a homogeneous tetragonal distortion of the films, resulting in a Kondo-like resistance upturn at low temperature, large anisotropic magnetoresistance, and non-linear Hall effect. Ab-initio calculations confirm a different occupation of each band depending on the degree of tetragonal distortion. The phenomenology reported in this paper for tetragonally distorted e-doped STO thin films, is similarto that observed in LaAlO$_3$/STO interfaces and magnetic STO quantum wells.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure

An Approach to Sustainable Metrics Definition and Evaluation for Green Manufacturing in Material Removal Processes

[EN] Material removal technologies should be thoroughly analyzed not only to optimize operations but also to minimize the different waste emissions and obtain cleaner production centers. The study of environmental sustainability in manufacturing processes, which is rapidly gaining importance, requires activity modeling with material and resource inputs and outputs and, most importantly, the definition of a balanced scorecard with suitable indicators for different levels, including the operational level. This paper proposes a metrics deployment approach for the different stages of the product life cycle, including a conceptual framework of high-level indicators and the definition of machining process indicators from different perspectives. This set of metrics enables methodological measurement and analysis and integrates the results into aggregated indicators that can be considered for continuous improvement strategies. This approach was validated by five case studies of experimental testing of the sustainability indicators in material removal operations. The results helped to confirm or modify the approach and to adjust the parameter definitions to optimize the initial sustainability objectives.This research was funded by the Escuela Politecnica Nacional (Ecuador) Research Project: PIS 16-15, the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia UPV (Spain) and the Carolina Foundation (Spanish Government Scholarships) Call 2017.Ayabaca-Sarria, C.; Vila, C. (2020). An Approach to Sustainable Metrics Definition and Evaluation for Green Manufacturing in Material Removal Processes. Materials. 13(2):1-21. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13020373S121132Brundtland, G. H. (1987). Our Common Future—Call for Action. Environmental Conservation, 14(4), 291-294. doi:10.1017/s0376892900016805Berke, P. R., & Conroy, M. M. (2000). Are We Planning for Sustainable Development? 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Fostering trust in virtual project teams: Towards a design framework grounded in a TrustWorthiness ANtecedents (TWAN) schema. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 68(11), 834-850. doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2010.07.003Elkington, J. (1994). Towards the Sustainable Corporation: Win-Win-Win Business Strategies for Sustainable Development. California Management Review, 36(2), 90-100. doi:10.2307/41165746Zackrisson, M., Kurdve, M., Shahbazi, S., Wiktorsson, M., Winroth, M., Landström, A., … Myrelid, A. (2017). Sustainability Performance Indicators at Shop Floor Level in Large Manufacturing Companies. Procedia CIRP, 61, 457-462. doi:10.1016/j.procir.2016.11.199Shuaib, M., Seevers, D., Zhang, X., Badurdeen, F., Rouch, K. E., & Jawahir, I. S. (2014). Product Sustainability Index (ProdSI). Journal of Industrial Ecology, 18(4), 491-507. doi:10.1111/jiec.12179Jayal, A. D., Badurdeen, F., Dillon, O. W., & Jawahir, I. S. (2010). Sustainable manufacturing: Modeling and optimization challenges at the product, process and system levels. CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology, 2(3), 144-152. doi:10.1016/j.cirpj.2010.03.006Singh, S., Olugu, E. U., & Musa, S. N. (2016). Development of Sustainable Manufacturing Performance Evaluation Expert System for Small and Medium Enterprises. Procedia CIRP, 40, 608-613. doi:10.1016/j.procir.2016.01.142Rajurkar, K. P., Hadidi, H., Pariti, J., & Reddy, G. C. (2017). Review of Sustainability Issues in Non-Traditional Machining Processes. Procedia Manufacturing, 7, 714-720. doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2016.12.106Peralta Álvarez, M. E., Marcos Bárcena, M., & Aguayo González, F. (2017). On the sustainability of machining processes. Proposal for a unified framework through the triple bottom-line from an understanding review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 142, 3890-3904. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.10.071Bhanot, N., Rao, P. V., & Deshmukh, S. G. (2017). An integrated approach for analysing the enablers and barriers of sustainable manufacturing. Journal of Cleaner Production, 142, 4412-4439. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.11.123Eastwood, M. D., & Haapala, K. R. (2015). A unit process model based methodology to assist product sustainability assessment during design for manufacturing. Journal of Cleaner Production, 108, 54-64. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.08.105Garretson, I. C., Mani, M., Leong, S., Lyons, K. W., & Haapala, K. R. (2016). Terminology to support manufacturing process characterization and assessment for sustainable production. Journal of Cleaner Production, 139, 986-1000. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.08.103Helleno, A. L., de Moraes, A. J. I., & Simon, A. T. (2017). Integrating sustainability indicators and Lean Manufacturing to assess manufacturing processes: Application case studies in Brazilian industry. Journal of Cleaner Production, 153, 405-416. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.072Kluczek, A. (2017). An Overall Multi-criteria Approach to Sustainability Assessment of Manufacturing Processes. Procedia Manufacturing, 8, 136-143. doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2017.02.016Latif, H. H., Gopalakrishnan, B., Nimbarte, A., & Currie, K. (2017). Sustainability index development for manufacturing industry. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 24, 82-95. doi:10.1016/j.seta.2017.01.010Moldavska, A., & Welo, T. (2017). The concept of sustainable manufacturing and its definitions: A content-analysis based literature review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 166, 744-755. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.08.006Winroth, M., Almström, P., & Andersson, C. (2016). Sustainable production indicators at factory level. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 27(6), 842-873. doi:10.1108/jmtm-04-2016-0054Linke, B., Das, J., Lam, M., & Ly, C. (2014). Sustainability Indicators for Finishing Operations based on Process Performance and Part Quality. Procedia CIRP, 14, 564-569. doi:10.1016/j.procir.2014.03.017Vila, C., Ayabaca, C., Díaz-Campoverde, C., & Calle, O. (2019). Sustainability Analysis of AISI 1018 Turning Operations under Surface Integrity Criteria. Sustainability, 11(17), 4786. doi:10.3390/su11174786Bhanot, N., Rao, P. V., & Deshmukh, S. G. (2016). An Assessment of Sustainability for Turning Process in an Automobile Firm. Procedia CIRP, 48, 538-543. doi:10.1016/j.procir.2016.03.024Bhanot, N., Rao, P. V., & Deshmukh, S. G. (2015). Sustainable Manufacturing: An Interaction Analysis for Machining Parameters using Graph Theory. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 189, 57-63. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.03.192Gupta, M. K., Sood, P. K., Singh, G., & Sharma, V. S. (2017). Sustainable machining of aerospace material – Ti (grade-2) alloy: Modeling and optimization. Journal of Cleaner Production, 147, 614-627. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.01.133Hegab, H. A., Darras, B., & Kishawy, H. A. (2018). Towards sustainability assessment of machining processes. Journal of Cleaner Production, 170, 694-703. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.197Kadam, G. S., & Pawade, R. S. (2017). Surface integrity and sustainability assessment in high-speed machining of Inconel 718 – An eco-friendly green approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 147, 273-283. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.01.104Benedicto, E., Carou, D., & Rubio, E. M. (2017). Technical, Economic and Environmental Review of the Lubrication/Cooling Systems Used in Machining Processes. Procedia Engineering, 184, 99-116. doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2017.04.075Zhao, G. Y., Liu, Z. Y., He, Y., Cao, H. J., & Guo, Y. B. (2017). Energy consumption in machining: Classification, prediction, and reduction strategy. Energy, 133, 142-157. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2017.05.110Abbas, A. T., Benyahia, F., El Rayes, M. M., Pruncu, C., Taha, M. A., & Hegab, H. (2019). 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International Handbooks on Information Systems, 215-249. doi:10.1007/3-540-26661-5_10Dornfeld, D. A. (2014). Moving towards green and sustainable manufacturing. International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology, 1(1), 63-66. doi:10.1007/s40684-014-0010-

A Criminal Law for Semicitizens

A significant number of influential philosophical theorists of punishment argue that only those who enjoy the status of citizenship in a political community can legitimately be punished by that polity. Yet, the strength of this approach wanes when these scholars treat individuals who clearly do not respond to their idealised conception of citizenship (such as asylum seekers, disenfranchised offenders, and tourists) as if they were fully fledged citizens. This article argues that ‘citizen criminal law’ can only be theoretically feasible in today’s world if it abandons the binary position between ‘full citizens’ and ‘noncitizens’ and recognises the everlasting presence of certain types of ‘semicitizens’. Thus, citizenship should be conceived as a scalar phenomenon. Based on a typological approach to the different forms of semicitizenship, we argue that the strength of the political bond between offenders and the political community must be considered when gauging punishment severity. The weaker the bond, the more lenient the punishment should be

Analysis of the Cytisetea scopario-striati scrubs in the south-west-centre of the Iberian Peninsula

The statistical and phytosociological study of 255 relevés taken in the south-west of the Iberian Peninsula and made up of our own samples and previous publications reveals how close these relevés, previously ascribed to different syntaxa, really are. Our re-arrangement of the data leads us to propose for the territory the 15 associations already published and three new ones, namely: Genisto floridae-Adenocarpetum argyrophylli ass. nova hoc loco, Cytisetum bourgaei- eriocarpi nova, Lavandulo viridis-Cytisetum striati ass. nova hoc. loco. We also suggest a name correction, Adenocarpo anisochili-Cytisetum scoparii J.C. Costa et al. 2000 corr., and a status change, namely, Ulici latebracteati- Cytisetum striati (Costa et al. 2000) status novo

Aproximación a los conocimientos que tiene el alumnado al finalizar COU acerca de los materiales geológicos

The answers given by 200 Geology students to a set of Multiple Choice questions on geological materials (both: rocks and minerals) are presented. The result of this test shows that there are some relevant aspects that remain unsufficiently known by the students after finishing COU. The necessity of reducing the syllabuses to avoid this fact is pointed out

Ab initio analysis of the x-ray absorption spectrum of the myoglobin-carbon monoxide complex: Structure and vibrations

We present a comparison between Fe K-edge x-ray absorption spectra of carbonmonoxy-myoglobin and its simulation based on density-functional theory determination of the structure and vibrations and spectral simulation with multiple-scattering theory. An excellent comparison is obtained for the main part of the molecular structure without any structural fitting parameters. The geometry of the CO ligand is reliably determined using a synergic approach to data analysis. The methodology underlying this approach is expected to be especially useful in similar situations in which high-resolution data for structure and vibrations are available.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figure

NEW PROPOSED AREA FOR THE ISUNEPCA UWTV SURVEY IN THE GULF OF CADIZ (FU 30)

ISUNEPCA UWTV survey is carried out in the Gulf of Cadiz (UF 30) yearly in spring-summer since 2014, although the first survey is considered as exploratory. The main objective is to estimate a Nephrops abundance index to be use as base of the assessment and advice of this stock. The Nephrops area distribution and coverage of the survey was accepted by the Benchmark Workshop WKNEP in 2016 and this survey was considered as appropriated to providing scientific advice on the abundance of this stock. However, experience acquired during ISUNEPCA survey time series suggests the survey area should be smaller than the current coverage area for this UWTV survey. Therefore, the Nephrops abundance estimate and as consequence the advice of this stock could be affected. A new survey area is proposed based on the analysis of updated and available data

ISUNEPCA0721 UWTV Survey on the Gulf of Cadiz Nephrops Grounds and catch options for 2022 in FU30

This working document details the results of the underwater television survey on the Gulf of Cadiz Nephrops grounds (FU 30) conducted in 2021. The survey is considered multi-disciplinary in nature, collecting UW videos, CTD and dredges information. A total 65 UWTV stations were planned in a randomized 4 nm isometric grid but only 59 UWTV stations were used in the geo-statistical analysis. The mean burrow density observed in 2021, adjusted for cumulative correction factor, was 0.024 burrows/m². The final krigged abundance estimate was 73 million burrows with a CV of 11.5%. The 2021 abundance estimate was the lowest value recorded in the time series. Catch advised for 2022 in FU30 when the ICES precautionary approach is applied and according to category 3.1.4, was no more than 50 tonnes

Final report of the Working Group on Nephrops Survey (WGNEPS)

WGNEPS es un grupo de coordinación de Grupos de Expertos en campañas de arrastre y de imágenes submarinas dirigidas a la estimación de la abundancia de Neprhops en el área ICES y de forma exploratoria en el Mediterráneo